Standards and Outlines of Investigation -- UL's Standards and Outlines of Investigation contain the requirements used to investigate materials, components, products, and systems for determining the eligibility of the material, component, product, or system to use UL's Listing, Classification, or Recognition Mark, or other UL Mark that may be required.

Outlines of Investigation (Outline) – An Outline of Investigation is a collection of requirements based upon UL's investigations of a few products, and UL's first step toward development of a Proposed Standard. Provided in hardcopy, diskette, and electronic format.

Published Standards -- A Standard that has cleared UL's standards development procedures, and has been formally adopted and published as a UL Standard for Safety.

Hardcopy Published Standards (Standard) -- A Published Standard that that is provided in a hardcopy, printed format. A Published Standard consists of the current version of the Standard plus any published or adopted revisions that have been issued on or before the date the Standard is shipped. NO future revisions or proposals are provided.

Published Electronic Standards (Electronic Standard)-- An electronic version of a UL Published Standard delivered via the Internet. A Published Electronic Standard consists of an electronic file containing the complete text of the current version of the Published Standard, including all figures, equations, formulas, indexes, supplements, and appendixes. Any published or adopted revisions that have been issued on or before the date the Electronic Standard is shipped are merged into the text of the Standard. NO future revisions or proposals are provided.

Revisions -- UL Standards for Safety are continuously revised and updated – for example, to keep them abreast of technological advances and of field experience with the product category. Furthermore, because nationally recognized installation and use codes – with which UL Standards are intended to be compatible – are periodically revised to meet changes in the state of the art and conditions of use, UL Standards for Safety must be correspondingly revised. A UL Standard is current only if it incorporates the most recently adopted revisions. Revisions are available in only a hardcopy, printed format.

Bulletins (Bulletins) -- A document associated with a Standard or Outline of Investigation, and issued by UL for a variety of reasons:

• to report the results of a UL/industry meeting,

• to propose:

  • A revision of a single requirement.
  • A revision of a number of requirements amounting to less than a complete new edition of an existing UL Standard for Safety or Outline of Investigation.
  • A draft new Standard or Outline that has not previously been published.

• announce the adoption of new and/or revised requirements,

• provide information related to the use of the Standard or Outline,

Provided in hardcopy, printed format.

Proposed Standards (Proposals) – A UL draft standard that has not yet reached the Published Standard stage, or a proposed subsequent edition of a Published Standard. These drafts are issued for review and comment, and are in the final stages of becoming a Published Standard for Safety. A proposed revision of a single requirement, or a number of requirements amounting to less than a complete new edition of a Standard is not considered a Proposed Standard. A Proposed Standard is also called a Proposal.

Historical Material -- Superceded or withdrawn, previously published UL Standards and revised pages, bulletins, and announcements issued for these Standards; and prior editions of existing UL Standards and revised pages, bulletins, and announcements issued for the edition. Available only in a hardcopy, printed format.

UL/ANSI Standard -- The ANSI version of a current UL Standard. Available only in a hardcopy, printed format. ANSI versions of superceded or withdrawn UL Standards, or of prior editions of existing UL Standards are considered historical materials.

Standards Sets -- Sets of similar Standards sold and distributed as a package. The Standards in a set generally cover one or a group of similar components, products, or systems; and are often used together, in whole or in part, during the investigation of these components, products, or systems. Provided in hardcopy and electronic format.

Practical Application Guidelines (PAG) -- Clarifications of requirements for future applications, and the applicability of requirements under specific circumstances.

UL Technical Reports And Abstracts – Papers on technical subjects developed by UL’s engineering staff. Available in only a hardcopy, printed format.

• Technical Report No. 34 – Reactions of Aluminum and Magnesium with Certain Chlorinated Hydrocarbons  -- Field reports have attributed fires and explosions to the reaction of aluminum with carbon tetrachloride or methyl chloride.  Theoretical considerations support the possibility of such occurrences and Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. has made an investigation to provide test data on the fire and explosion hazards.  Tests under various conditions were conducted using magnesium powder or aluminum exposed in contact with carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloride, trichloroethylene, dichlorodifluoromethane, or carbon tetrachloride-chloroform mixtures.  The object of the investigation was to obtain information relative to the fire and explosion hazards which may result from the contact of aluminum or magnesium with certain chlorinated hydrocarbons.  This reactivity was investigated and described in this technical report.

• Technical Report No. 56 – Study of Smoke Ratings Developed in Standard Fire Tests in Relation to Visual Observations  -- The object of this investigation was to study the effect of smoke development from a material having a specific smoke rating on the visibility in a room in which the smoke was collected.  This object took into account the following relationships:  a) the relationship between visual observation and the numerical scales of density associated with measurement of smoke; b) the relationship between the time at which certain degrees of obscuration occur in a room and the rate and density of smoke produced by various building materials when exposed to reproducible and similar ignition and burning conditions; c) the relationship between smoke production in the burning of a given material and the velocity of the air supplied for combustion across the material surface; and d) the relationship between smoke density produced in a given test room and the degree of ventilation provided in the room.

• Technical Report No. 58 – An Investigation of Flammable Gases or Vapors With Respect to Explosion‑Proof Electrical Equipment  -- This is a report of the initial investigation conducted by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. to establish a procedure for classifying additional flammable gases or vapors within Groups A, B, C, and D of Class I hazardous locations as defined by the National Electrical Code.  This procedure provides a means of increasing the utility of presently recognized explosion-proof electrical equipment without the necessity of additional expensive and laborious testing of such equipment.

• Abstract -- Accessibility Through Apertures – A Discussion of Accessibility Probes  -- Maximum penetrations through slots and circular openings (holes) by the UL articulated accessibility probe and the IEC articulated accessibility probe, with and without the IEC test pin, are compared to the measured maximum penetrations achieved by the fingers and hands of 100 men, 100 women, and 100 children volunteers.  The slots and holes range from 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) minor dimension or diameter to almost 3 inches (75 mm) in order to assess the shape of each probe "finger" plus the effect of the end-stops (web-stop on the UL probe).  The report allows the user of accessibility probes to use the probes knowledgeably, and to properly select the appropriate probe for the job. 

• Abstract -- Leakage Current Limits – 0.5 or 3.5 mA at 60 Hz? -- Leakage current is generally limited to 0.5 mA at 60 Hz in order to minimize the risk of injury due to involuntary reaction from touching an electrical product.  However, there are circumstances when the leakage current to ground is permitted to be as high as 3.5 mA at 60 Hz for practical reasons.  The most common circumstance is when FCC regulations covering electromagnetic interference make electrical filters necessary, and those filters have electrical current paths to the equipment  grounding conductor.  This report discusses the physiological response that can be caused by 3.5 mA at 60 Hz, and discusses the compensating conditions for product use and environment under which the 3.5-mA  limit can be considered acceptable.

Standards Subscription Service -- A three-year subscription service that provides the following material during the term of the:

• All reports of UL/Industry meetings pertaining to the Standard.

• All new and/or revised requirements issued for the Standard.

• A new edition if issued.

• Access to UL's Collabrotive Standards Development System to review proposals and provide comments for the Standards or Outline covered by the subscription.

Annual Standards Program – A yearly service that provides all of a subscribers Standards needs for a year at a fixed annual cost. Provided are:

• All reports of UL/Industry meetings pertaining to the Standard.

• All new and/or revised requirements issued for the Standard.

• A new edition if issued.

• National difference document, as applicable, for the Standards covered by the service, not including the 60065 or the 60950 series.

• Access to UL's Collaborative Standards Development System to review proposals and provide comments on the covered Standards and/or Outlines..

Test Equipment

• Rain Test Nozzle -- used in the simulated rain tests in UL's Standards.

• Sharp Edge Tester and Sharp Edge Tester Kit -- used to determine if an edge is sharp enough to cause a cut-type injury.

• UL Articulate Probe -- used to evaluate the accessibility of live parts or moving parts through openings in an enclosure.

• IEC Flexible Test Finger -- used to evaluate the accessibility of live parts or moving parts through openings in an enclosure.

Miscellaneous Products

• ULStandardsInfoNet – the Internet Website for information on UL Standards activities -- provides access to UL’s current Catalog of Standards for Safety and Product Index -- provides up-to-date information pertaining to UL’s various Standards activities, such as, information about new editions, revisions, proposed Standards, proposals, and Outlines of Investigation; a list of UL Standards approved by ANSI and the DoD; UL/CSA and UL/IEC harmonized Standards, the scope of each Standard and Outline of Investigation, meeting announcements, a list of IAC Chairman, and the like -- can be accessed at NO COST by setting your Internet browsers URL to: http://ulstandardsinfonet.ul.com
   

CSDS Proposals - An electronic document associated with a UL Standard for Safety or Outline of Investigation, and issued by UL to propose:

• A revision of a single requirement
• A revision of a number of requirements amounting to less than a complete new edition of an existing UL Standard for Safety or Outline of Investigation.
• A draft new Standard or Outline that has not previously been published.

National Differences - A compilation of the national differences, other that editorial differences, that have been identified for the specific IEC-based UL standard. The national differences represent those modified or additional requirements that apply in the US. The national differences for each IEC-based standard are also contained within the published UL version ofthe IEC standard. This document is not available for the 60065 or 60950 series.